同學(xué)們，說(shuō)到四六級(jí)翻譯，我們總是很苦惱：為什么翻譯題總扣分?自己譯文生硬得像機(jī)翻?明明單詞都認(rèn)識(shí)，為什么分?jǐn)?shù)上不去?四六級(jí)翻譯真的讓人頭疼。是不是總?cè)滩蛔?wèn)：翻譯題到底卡在哪兒?采分點(diǎn)到底藏在哪句話里?別慌，今天就跟著樣卷實(shí)例，一起學(xué)習(xí)四六級(jí)翻譯的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，以更精準(zhǔn)踩中得分點(diǎn)。
一、翻譯分?jǐn)?shù)檔一覽
四六級(jí)翻譯評(píng)分主要分為五個(gè)分?jǐn)?shù)檔：
14分檔(13-15分)
11分檔(10-12分)
8分檔(7-9分)
5分檔(4-6分)
2分檔(1-3分)
二、采分細(xì)則及量化考核標(biāo)準(zhǔn)
采分細(xì)則
13-15分
譯文準(zhǔn)確表達(dá)了原文的意思。用詞貼切，行文流暢，基本上無(wú)語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，僅有個(gè)別小錯(cuò)。
10-12分
譯文基本上表達(dá)了原文的意思。文字通順、連貫，無(wú)重大語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤。
7-9分
譯文勉強(qiáng)表達(dá)了原文的意思。用詞欠準(zhǔn)確，語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤相當(dāng)多，其中有些是嚴(yán)重語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤。
4-6分
譯文僅表達(dá)了一小部分原文的意思。用詞不準(zhǔn)確，有相當(dāng)多的嚴(yán)重語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤。
1-3分
譯文支離破碎。除個(gè)別詞語(yǔ)或句子，絕大部分文字沒(méi)有表達(dá)原文意思。
0分
未作答，或只有幾個(gè)孤立的詞，或譯文與原文毫不相關(guān)。
量化考核標(biāo)準(zhǔn)
| 檔次 |
考核標(biāo)準(zhǔn) |
| 13-15分 |
有2處不明顯的小錯(cuò)（冠詞、單復(fù)數(shù)、時(shí)態(tài)、介詞、用詞不貼切等） |
15分 |
| 有5處不明顯的小錯(cuò)（冠詞、單復(fù)數(shù)、時(shí)態(tài)、介詞、用詞不貼切等） |
14分 |
| 有7處不明顯的小錯(cuò)（冠詞、單復(fù)數(shù)、時(shí)態(tài)、介詞、用詞不貼切等） |
13分 |
| 10-12分 |
有一個(gè)嚴(yán)重錯(cuò)句 |
12分 |
| 有3處明顯語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤 |
11分 |
| 有4處明顯語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤 |
10分 |
| 7-9分 |
5個(gè)句子正確或基本正確 |
9分 |
| 4個(gè)句子正確或基本正確 |
8分 |
| 3個(gè)句子正確或基本正確 |
7分 |
| 4-6分 |
內(nèi)容基本表達(dá)，有2個(gè)句子正確 |
6分 |
| 1個(gè)句子正確 |
5分 |
| 沒(méi)有1個(gè)正確句子，但有3個(gè)句子有小錯(cuò) |
4分 |
| 1-3分 |
內(nèi)容基本表達(dá)，但所有句子都有錯(cuò)誤和嚴(yán)重錯(cuò)誤 |
3分 |
| 嚴(yán)重錯(cuò)誤多 |
2分 |
| 嚴(yán)重錯(cuò)誤極多 |
1分 |
| 0分 |
未作答，或只有幾個(gè)孤立的詞，或譯文與原文毫不相關(guān)。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“創(chuàng)作的翻譯”，不給分。 |
0分 |
三、評(píng)卷實(shí)例剖析
以2013年12月四級(jí)考試翻譯中的“中餐篇”為例，咱們來(lái)看看各個(gè)分?jǐn)?shù)檔的參考譯文和閱卷員評(píng)語(yǔ)。
原文：許多人喜歡中餐。在中國(guó)，烹飪不僅被視為一種技能，而且也被視為一種藝術(shù)。精心準(zhǔn)備的中餐既可口又好看。烹飪技藝和配料在中國(guó)各地的差別很大。但好的烹飪都有一個(gè)共同點(diǎn)，總是要考慮到顏色、味道、口感和營(yíng)養(yǎng)(nutrition)。由于食物對(duì)健康至關(guān)重要，好的廚師總是努力在谷物、肉類和蔬菜之間取得平衡，所以中餐既美味又健康。
14分樣卷
譯文：Many people enjoy Chinese food. In China, cooking is not only viewed as a skill but also regarded as a form of art. A carefully-prepared Chinese dinner can be both tasty and good looking. While cooking skills and ingredients differ largely from place to place in China, fine cooking always has something in common, thatis the consideration of color, flavor, taste and nutrition. Since food is vital to thehealth, a fine cook is always trying to achieve a balance between cereals, meatand vegetables. Therefore, theChinese food is both delicious and healthy.
評(píng)語(yǔ)：用詞貼切，行文流暢，句式有變化，銜接詞使用恰當(dāng)。雖出現(xiàn)5處語(yǔ)法、用詞錯(cuò)誤，但最終定為14分。
11分樣卷
譯文：Many people like Chinese food. In China, cooking is regarded not only as a kind of skill but also as a kind of art. Chinese food, which is prepared carefully, is both delicious and good looking. Cooking skills and ingredients differ greatly from place to place in China. However. good cooking share one thing in common: color, taste, feeland nutrition are always under consideration. Since food is of vital importance to health, good cooks are always trying to be balancedwith grain, meat, and vegetables. As a result, Chinese food is delicious and healthy.
評(píng)語(yǔ)：表達(dá)絕大部分原文意思，文字通順連貫，用到了復(fù)雜句式，語(yǔ)言功底較強(qiáng)。但有一個(gè)嚴(yán)重錯(cuò)句，且有3處明顯語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，最終定為11分。
8分樣卷
譯文：Many people love Chinese food. In China. cooking is not only regarded a kind of skill, but also art. Well-prepared Chinese dishes taste good besides good look. There is a big different in cooking skills and ingredients between different parts of China. But one thing which is common in good dishes is that they all consider about the color, the tasting and the nutrition. As food is so important to health, good cookers always try to make a balance between com, meat and vegetables. As a result, Chinese dishes are delicious and healthy.
評(píng)語(yǔ)：基本表達(dá)原文意思，但用詞欠缺，語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤較多，且很多是重大語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤。劃線句為正確句，共4句，最終分?jǐn)?shù)為8分。
5分樣卷
譯文：Many people like Chinese food. Cooking is not only a skill but also it is a kind of art. It is delicious and beautiful that Chinese meals carefully prepared. It is differently in cooking and material beside in Chinese. But, good meals have a common point which color, teast and nutrition are though about. Then a good cooker is always trying their best to balance it from meat vegetables and so on. Therefore, Chinese meals are delicious and heathy.
評(píng)語(yǔ)：僅表達(dá)一部分原文意思，用詞不準(zhǔn)確，語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤多。劃線句為正確句，僅一句，最終定為5分。
2分樣卷
譯文：Many people like China food. In China, not only a technolege make food, and also an artist. Good food is eated fine and seem’s fine. How make food and make the food need what is defferent in defferent place in China.But make good food just only think the food’s colour teste, feel make people and nutrition. Food is importand for health, so good people that make food is use more power for better on meat and vagitable, so Chinese food is taste good and more health.
評(píng)語(yǔ)：基本表達(dá)原文內(nèi)容，但沒(méi)有一個(gè)正確句子，全部存在嚴(yán)重語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤，最終為2分。
同學(xué)們，下次提筆翻譯前，不妨花時(shí)間看看樣卷，嘗試拆解評(píng)分點(diǎn)，把每一次練習(xí)都當(dāng)作“閱卷員視角”的模擬考，并用今天學(xué)到的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)為自己打分。加油!（靳祺） |
